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We have already
mentioned that the two of the most important
Purāņās, Vişhņu
Purāņa and Srimad
Bhāgavatam, regard
Shukla Yajur
Veda as ayātāyāmam (not
insipid, full of essence) where as KYV is regarded as
yātāyāmam (insipid or
essenceless). Famous
Samskŗt pundits like
Satvalekar have debated extensively
the reason why Krişhņa
Yajur Veda is called "insipid or
polluted' by a major authority like Vişhņu
Purāņa or Srimad
Bhāgavata. Two reasons are
given, both of them are far-fetched, (i)
the insertion of brāhmaņa passages into the mantra text, (ii) the
mantrās in TS do not have reference to the name of seer who
has the revelation of mantra. None of these are serious. Any one
can distinguish the brāhmaņa passage from a mantra. The presence of a
brāhmaņa passage is no more than a nuisance.
The second reason is also far-fetched: why should the lack of
rişhi's name make it polluted
especially since the mīmāmsakās,
the main theoreticians and practitioners of the outer
yajňa, believe that Veda cannot
contain the name of human beings, even if they are the seers of
the mantra.
The real reason can
be easily traced if one bothers to look into the actual texts of
the Vājasneyi
Samhitā of Shukla
Yajur Veda and the
Taittirīya
Samhitā of the Krişhņa
Yajur Veda.
Shukla Yajur Veda is a book of
40 chapters or adhyāyās.
There is no title for each chapter.
The TS, on the other
hand, has 651 anuvākās. Each
anuvāka is given a title connected to
rituals. The first anuvāka, i.e., TS
(1.1.1) (kāņda 1,
prapāţhaka 1, anuvāka 1) is
titled “vatsāpakaraņa''
(driving the calves). TS (1.1.2) as “barhir
āharaņam,'' collecting the
barhi grass.
Most offensive to
any religious person trying to practice the virtue of non-violence
(ahimsa) is the obsession of KYV TS with the animal
sacrifice. The entire prapāţhaka 3 of
TS, TS (1.3) is titled “agnişhţoma
pashu'' the animals in the
agnişhţoma
yajňa. The titles given to the
five anuvākās TS (1.3.7)
through TS (1.3.11) are:
1.3.7:
pashurūpakaraņam,
driving the animal to the sacrificial altar (yūpa).
1.3.8:
pashor
vishasanam, killing of the animal.
1.3.9:
samgňapitasya
pashor vapor
khedanam, the removal of
vapa or diaphragm of the
(killed) animal
and placing it in the fire.
1.3.10:
vasāhoma, the
fire-ritual with the organs of the animal and its "juice'.
1.3.11:
gudakāņdahoma, offering
of the intestines into the fire.
Every mantra of the
Veda is imbibed with deep wisdom and was revealed to the
rişhis when they were in a
superconscient state. It is difficult
to imagine that anyone with any sense could say that “drive the
calves'' or “kill the animal'' is a direct revelation from the
Supreme Being. Anyone who has seen the misery and pain suffered by
an animal during its killing can only be shocked by these titles.
What is most
shocking is that if we read all the verses in TS (1.3.8) with the
title, “the killing of the pashu''
there is no such act at all. What is being mentioned is that the
human being should become conscious of the various organs of the
subtle body. But the prevailing view in the time of the
Vişhņu Purāņa
was that each of the verses were taught
as if the killing or dismembering the animal is the only meaning
of these verses. These proponents of the animal killing in TS KYV
insist that these mantrās have no
other meaning.
As mentioned earlier
about one half of the mantrās of SYV
(VS) are also in TS. Some of the mantrās
in TS (1.3) mentioned earlier also appear in SYV/VS in chapters
4-8. Commentators like Mahidhara who
were addicted to rituals interpreted these verses as part of the
animal sacrifice rite. But the text of SYV/VS is kept free from
this abhorrent view. The text of KYV/TS has been ‘hijacked' as it
were by the proponents of animal sacrifice by assigning titles to
anuvākās specifically
mentioning animal killing and making the titles to be a part of
the sacred text. No wonder Vişhņu
Purāņa and Srimad
Bhāgavatam regard KYV/TS as ‘insipid
and without substance' yātāyāmam.
S. who wrote his commentary on TS in which he forced every verse in
it to yield a ritualistic meaning, especially those supposedly
involving animal sacrifice.
Most of the priests
in these yajňas were/are
brāhmins by
caste and were/are strict vegetarians; they are easily scared of a
dead animal, let alone kill an animal in cold blood or watch this
act. Still because of the prestige of S and because of their fear
that criticising the Vedic commentary is a sacrilege, many pundits
even whisper any criticism. Even some of the Heads of
the maţhās, started by the great Shankarāchārya
for propagating Vedanta and the path of knowledge, are full of
praise for the Sāyaņācharya's
ritualistic commentary, completely avoiding the question of the
morality of the animal sacrifice.
How can we make the
KYV/TS become ayātayāmam,
i.e., full of essence? The first step is to delete the ritual
based titles given to each anuvāka.
Secondly one has to accept that TS mantrās
have an interpretation from the point of view of inner
yajňa, i.e., contemplating mentally
the collaboration with Gods without any external effort or
substance. |