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Hymn 63: Indra, the energiser of our self or jīva
Rişhi:
Nodha Gautama
MANTRA (1.63.1): PLANES OF
HEAVEN AND EARTH IN MAN
O Indra, great are you
Who established the earth and heaven through your own strength
even while you were born;
All things vast, even the fixed hills,
Quivered in their fear like rays of light.
tvam mahān indra yo ha
you, great, Indra, who, .,
shuşhmaiĥ dyāvā jajňānaĥ pŗthivī ame dhāĥ,
strength, heaven, born or manifest, earth, (your) valour,
uphold,
yat ha te vishvā girayaĥ chit abhvā
which, ., your, all, mountains, ., huge things,
bhiyā dŗļhāsaĥ kiraņā na ejan.
through fear, fixed or firmly set, rays, like, quake.
Details:
When the Indra-power begins to
manifest, the planes of Heaven and Earth get well established in
the seeker by Indra. Indra does not need anybody else’s
strength to do the indicated work.
MANTRA (1.63.2): YOUR PRAISER
LAYS THE VAJRA IN YOUR HANDS
O Indra, when you come near your adept steeds,
Your adorer sets the vajra in your arms;
O doer of the coveted deeds, you assail your foes and storm
their cities,
You who are invoked by many.
ā yat harī indra vavratā veĥ ā
., when, steeds, Indra, adept, comes, .,
te vajram
jaritā bāhvoĥ dhāt,
your, vajra,
the singer, hands, places,
yena aviharyatakrato amitrān pura
which (vajra), doer of the coveted deeds, foes, cities,
işhņāsi puruhūta pūrvīĥ.
assail, invoked by many, many.
Details:
The vajra reaches Indra's
hands by the very laud of the singer. Obviously, it cannot
be a bolt of thunder or any physical weapon.
a + veĥ:
comes.
a + dhat:
places (in his hands).
MANTRA (1.63.3): YOU ARE TRUE
O Indra, you
are true (in your being) and a violent assailer of the foes;
You, chief of the Rbhus and benefactor of men, overcome (the
foes);
You smote Shuşhņa in the violent and heroic battle,
Aiding the bright and youthful Kutsa.
tvam satya indra dhŗşhņuĥ etān
you, true, Indra, violent assailant, them (foes),
tvam ŗbhukshā naryaĥ tvam şhāţ;
you, chief of ŗbhus, benefactor of men, you,
overcomer (of foes),
tvam shuşhņam vŗjane pŗkşha āņau
you, Shuşhņa, violent, heroic, battle,
yūne kutsāya dyumate sacha ahan.
youthful, Kutsa, luminous, aiding, smote.
Details:
satyaĥ:
true in your being; stable; one who is undeflecting in actions.
shuşhņa:
the demon who dries up.
Kutsa:
A seer of Rig Veda and an intense
devotee of Indra.
MANTRA (1.63.4): INDRA INSPIRES
THE HUMAN ASPIRANT (FOR DIVINE WEALTH)
O Indra, you
are the comrade who inspires (us) for riches;
O showerer (of wealth), thunderer, even though you are peaceful
you slew Vŗtra;
O munificent hero with powers that go beyond our limited range,
You put to flight effortlessly the dasyus from their dwellings.
tvam ha tyat indra chodīĥ sakhā
you, ., that (riches), Indra, inspire or impel, friend,
vŗtram yat vajrin vŗşhakarman ubhnāĥ,
vŗtra, when, thunderer, showerer, peaceful,
yat ha shūra
vŗşhamaņaĥ parāchaiĥ
when, ., heroic, munificent, (powers) that go beyond,
vi dasyūn yonau akŗto vŗthāşhāt
., dasyus, dwellings, overcome, without effort.
Details:
vŗşhakarman:
doer of the deeds of releasing the powers of Light and Might.
vŗşhamaņaĥ:
showerer of the divine riches.
vi + akŗtaĥ:
overcome, put to flight (dasyus).
yonau:
the dwelling (of the asuras).
MANTRA (1.63.5): YOU DO NOT HARM
THE MORTALS EVEN IF THEY ARE HOSTILE
O Indra, you do not think to harm
Any mortal, though he be firmly hostile;
Open up ways for our steeds;
O wielder of vajra, break our foes like a thick cloud.
tvam ha tyat indra arişhaņyan
you, ., his, Indra, not desiring harm,
dŗļhasya chit
martānām ajuşhţau;
strong place or hostile, ., mortals, one who desires not or one
who is hostile,
vi asmat ā kāşhţhā arvate vaĥ
., our, ., directions, war horse, uncover,
ghaneva vajrin chhnathihi amitrān.
like a club or like the clouds, one with vajras, break,
foes.
Details:
The idea is that the focus of Indra's
fight is with the evil and demonic forces like Vŗtra and
not with human beings, even if they are hostile to Indra.
The first two
lines above possess an alternate translation:
"O Indra, when mortals desire not
to remain even in a strong fortress,
You make that movement free from
harm.”
The last two lines of the verse
mean, "open all directions to our life-forces of enjoyment so
that they pass unobstructed”.
a + vi + vaĥ:
uncover.
arişhņyan:
not desiring harm, free from harm.
MANTRA (1.63.6): LORD OF YOUR
LAW OF NATURE
O Indra, in winning the waters,
In battles and in the streaming bounty of the sun-world, seekers
invoke you,
O lord of your own nature;
In battles, may your protection come in our front and may we
obtain your opulence.
tvām ha tyat indra arņasātau
you, ., him, Indra, winning of the waters,
svarmīļhe nara ājā havante,
pouring lustres or streaming, men, battle, invoke,
tava svādhāva
iyam ā samarya
your, lord of your nature, this, ., battle,
ūtiĥ vājeşhu atasāyyā bhūt.
protection, plenties, we obtain, come in front.
Details:
a + bhūt:
come in our front.
svadhāvaĥ:
Lord of the law of one's own
nature.
dha:
that which upholds.
MANTRA (1.63.7): SEVEN CITIES
O Indra, the seven cities were indeed destroyed by you,
The thunderer battling for Purukutsa;
For Sudasa, you did break with ease, like a blade of grass, the
strength of Amhas; in plenty to him who gives generously.
tvam ha tyat
indra sapta yudhyan puro
you, ., him, Indra, seven, battling, cities,
vajrin purukutsāya dardaĥ,
one with
vajra, Purukutsa, destroy,
barhiĥ na yat sudāse vŗthā vark amho
grass, like, when, Sudasa, effortlessly, break, sin or a
demon,
rājan varivaĥ pūrave kaĥ.
king, felicity in plenty, one who fills or person Puru,
gives.
Details:
Indra is friendly to Purukutsa
as to Kutsa.
seven cities:
Though the cities of the titans are in the lower hemisphere (of
three worlds), where their battles with the Gods take place,
still it must be noted that in each of these worlds, there exist
seven sub-planes (derived from the seven principles detailed in
(1.62.6). The seven cities of the titans are in the midworld or
life-world, antarikşha, where they predominate.
Sudhāsa:
he who gives plentifully (such a human seeker).
amha:
name of a demon, sin.
pūrave:
to the person Puru or one who fills everyone with gifts.
MANTRA (1.63.8): YOU ENERGISE
OUR JIVA IN EVERY WAY
O God Indra, with your own rich and varied impelling power,
You increase us all around like waters;
O brave one, you yourself gave that power to us;
You energise our jīva (self) in all ways by your power.
tvam tyām na indra deva chitrām işham
you, that one, our, Indra, God, variegated, impelling power,
āpao na pīpayaĥ parijman,
waters, like, increase, around,
yayā shūra prati asmabhyam yamsi
impelling power, brave one, ., to us, give or extend,
tmanam ūrjam na vishvadha kşharadhyai
our own, self or jīva, power, like, every way, make it
flow or energize.
Details:
Just as water flows everywhere, you
increase the Indra-power everywhere in our subtle bodies. The
power is of several varieties. Your power energises our own
jīva in all its aspects.
prati + yamsi:
grant or give (us),
tmana:
common Vedic word for jīvātma or individual self.
MANTRA (1.63.9): PRAISES WITH
OBEISANCE TO YOU WITH THE STEEDS
O Indra, mantrās have been sung to you in a spirit of surrender
by Gotamas;
Praises also to your steeds;
Bring us plenty of your riches in a beautiful form;
At dawn, may he come quickly, rich with thought.
akāri ta indra gotamebhiĥ brahmāņi
done, to you,
Indra, Gotamas, praises or mantrās,
ā uktā namasā haribhyām,
uttered, with obeisance, along with your horses,
supeshasam vājam ābharā naĥ
of various beautiful forms, plenitude, bring, us,
prātaĥ makşhū dhiyāvasuĥ jagamyāt.
down, swift, rich in thought, may he come.
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