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Hymn 57: Complete surrender to Indra
Rişhi: Savya Angirasa
The entire sūkta describes
the yoga of complete surrender, prapatti, developed in
great detail by Sri Rāmānuja and others in later times.
MANTRA (1.57.1): WEALTH FLOWS DOWN LIKE WATER
To the greatest, mighty and opulent Indra,
Who is lofty with strength derived from truth, I offer praise.
His wealth difficult to retain as waters on the slope,
Is spread everywhere for uncovering the strength of the rişhi.
pra mamhişhţhāya bŗhate bŗhadraye
., greatest, mighty, with vast wealth,
satyashuşhmāya tavase matim bhare,
strength derived from truth, lofty, praise, offer,
apāmiva pravaņe yasya durdharam rādho
like waters, slope, whose, difficult to hold, wealth,
vishvāyu shavase apāvŗtam.
spread everywhere, for strength (of worshipper), uncovered.
Details:
Even as the speed of waters on a
slope cannot be arrested, Indra's wealth coming from the
high place cannot be blocked by anyone below. Such is the bounty
of Indra to strengthen the worshipper.
The strength is already present in
a latent condition in the rişhi. Indra only removes the
veil on it.
pra + bhare:
offer, establish,
shavase apāvŗtam:
the strength in the human aspirant is uncovered or released by
Indra.
satyashuşhmāya:
strength derived directly from the supreme Truth, unlike the
strength of titans like Vŗtra, whose strength is derived
from cunning or māya.
MANTRA (1.57.2): WORLD BECOMES
INTENT ON YOUR WORSHIP
Later the entire world became intent on your worship.
The offerings
of the worshipper flowed to you like waters to a depth,
When the mountain (forces of ignorance) was hit by Indra's vajra,
golden, destructive and desirous (of slaying).
adha te vishvam anu ha asat işhţaya
later, your, all the world, ., ., becomes intent, worship,
āpaĥ nimneva savanā havişhmataĥ,
waters, like to a depth, offerings, of the worshippers,
yat parvate na samashīta haryata
when, mountain, not, rest, desirous (of slaying),
indrasya vajraĥ shnathitā hiraņyayaĥ.
Indra, vajra, destructive, golden.
Details:
The vajra destroys the
mountain, symbolizing the inconscient forces, as in many other
verses.
haryataĥ:
of slaying the (enemy) shining; desirous. vajra shines
with the desire of slaying the enemy.
anu + asat:
became intent.
parvate:
mountain or the forces of inertia and darkness.
MANTRA (1.57.3): INDRA DIRECTS HIS RADIANCE
To the formidable and most praiseworthy (Indra),
Present the offerings with obeisance in this yajňa, O auspicious
Uşha.
Indra, the all-sustaining, famous and endowed with appropriate
signs,
Directs his light towards the praising seer, as the steeds in
movement (are directed by their master).
asmai bhimāya namasā sam
this, formidable, obeisance, .,
adhvara uşho na shubhra ābharā panīyase,
yajňa, Uşha, now, auspicious, bring, praiseworthy,
yasya dhāma shravase nāma indriyam
whose, all-sustaining, praising (seer), famous, sign of Indra,
jyotiĥ akāri harito na ayase.
light, is formed, steeds, like, for movement.
Details:
The verse is addressed to fellow
worshippers.
Just as horsemen lead the horses to
their chosen destinations, so does Indra direct his radiance to
his chosen worshippers.
Uşha:
Goddess of the Dawn of spiritual knowledge or spiritual
awakening. She does not represent the complete spiritual
knowledge. Hence, the initial spiritual experience is offered to
Indra, the Lord of the Divine mind, so that he can show fresh
avenues for spiritual progress.
sam + ābhara:
present or bring all the offerings.
nāma:
indicates both the obeisance of singer and Indra's
satisfying the request.
MANTRA (1.57.4): WE SEEK REFUGE IN YOU
O widely lauded Indra, we are your own;
Seeking refuge in you, we come to you, O lord of wealth;
Lover of hymns, none else deserves our laud;
Love our praises as the earth (cherishes her creatures).
ime ta indra te vayam puruşhţuta
we, yours,
Indra, to you, we, widely lauded,
ye tva arabhya charāmasi prabhūvaso,
we, you, seeking refuge, (we) come to you, lord of wealth,
nahi tvat anyo girvaņo giraĥ saghat
not, ., other, lover of praise, laud, deserves,
kşhoņīriva prati no harya tat vachaĥ.
like earth, ., our, love, that, praise.
Details:
One can see here the seeds of the
yoga of complete surrender, formulated later by Sri Rāmānuja,
Sri Chaitanya and others, with its vast literature.
MANTRA (1.57.5): WE ARE YOURS
O Indra, great
is your valour; we are yours.
O opulent one, fulfill the longing of this worshipper;
Your greatness is comparable to that of the vast heaven;
This earth, too, bends before your prowess.
bhūri ta indra vīryam tava smasi
great, your, Indra, valour, yours, we are,
asya stotuĥ maghavan kāmam āpŗņa;
this,
worshipper, Maghavan, desire, fulfill,
anu te dyauĥ bŗhatī vīryam mama
follows, your, dyu world, vast, valour, measures or
comparable to,
iyam cha te pŗthivī nema ojase.
this, and, your, earth, bends, prowess.
Details:
anu mama: mama
to measure. This phrase literally means "follows after the
measurement or comparison'” i.e., on measuring Indra's
greatness it is found to be in the likeness of the vast heaven.
tava smasi:
we are yours.
MANTRA (1.57.6): YOU ALONE BEAR ALL MIGHT
O Indra, the huge and the wide mountainous forces
Were shattered into pieces with your vajra, O mighty one;
The concealed waters were released to flow.
True it is that you alone support all the might.
tvam tam indra parvatam mahām urum,
you, your, Indra, mountain, huge, broad or wide,
vajreņa vajrin parvashaĥ chakartitha;
with vajra, one endowed with vajra, into pieces,
did shatter,
avāsŗjo nivŗtāĥ sartavā apaĥ
released, concealed, to flow, waters,
satrā vishvam dadhişhe kevalam sahaĥ.
true it is, all, bear, you alone, might.
Details:
vajrin:
endowed with the all powerful
vajra in this verse. Since the weapon, vajra, is all
powerful, the person endowed with it is also all - powerful.
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